Friday, September 7, 2012

ADAMTS(grow taller with artichokes)

Now Foods Artichoke Extract 450mg, Veg-capsules, 90-Count <-since everyone hates artichokes.  Although it also contains Apigenin which inhibits c-Fos.

This product however does not contain Apigenin: NeuroProtek 1 Bottle.  It contains Sophoro products which can increase IGF-1 and TGF-Beta.

ADAMTS7 expression is downregulated by LSJL which further provides support that LSJL can induce chondrogenesis.

Negative effects of ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 on endplate cartilage differentiation.

"Sixty-four degenerated lumbar endplate specimens were obtained from the patients with degenerative disc disease categorized as type Modic I or II in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 12 nondegenerative specimens as control (vertebra burst fracture patients without degenerative change in MRI) during surgical procedures. The expression of ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 was examined. A statistically significant increase in mRNA expression of ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 was observed in the endplate cells in degenerative discs compared with nondegenerative discs. The corresponding protein levels of ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 had the same expression patterns. Moreover, ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 down-regulated the expression of Col II, Sox9, and Col X the marker genes for chondrogenesis. ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 appear to be potent negative regulators of endplate cartilage development."

"A number of ADAMTS family members have been implicated in the breakdown of cartilage in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, including ADAMTS-4 (aggrecanase 1) {upregulated by LSJL}, ADAMTS-5 (aggrecanase 2), ADAMTS-7, and ADAMTS-12"

"compressive load leads to the increase in ADAMTS-1 {upregulated by LSJL}, 4, and 5" This increase in certain ADAMTS' is consistent with LSJL inducing compressive load on the epiphysis.

"ADAMTS-7 and ADAMTS-12 were able to digest COMP in vitro"

If it turns out that ADAMTS4 does have height increasing effects you can always take a natural flavonoid.

The nutraceutical flavonoid luteolin inhibits ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 aggrecanase activities.

"A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin domains (ADAMTS)-4 (aggrecanase-1) and ADAMTS-5 (aggrecanase-2) are metalloproteases involved in articular cartilage degradation and represent potential therapeutic targets in arthritis treatment. Following a preliminary screening using carboxymethylated transferrin as substrate, we focused our interest on luteolin due to its inhibitory effect on ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 activities using aggrecan and fluorogenic peptides as substrates. However, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activities on these substrates result less affected by this flavonoid {which may be good as some MMP's are good for height growth}. Moreover, incubation of mouse chondrogenic ATDC5 cells in the presence of luteolin clearly decreases the release of aggrecan fragments mediated by aggrecanases under the same conditions in which aggrecanolysis mediated by MMPs is detected. Additionally, glycosaminoglycan levels in culture medium of murine cartilage explants stimulated with interleukin-1-alpha plus retinoic acid are reduced by the presence of the flavonoid. This inhibition takes place through blockade of ADAMTS-mediated aggrecanolysis, while MMPs activity is not or poorly affected. These results suggest that luteolin could be employed as a prototypic modifying disease-agent to create new chondroprotective compounds aimed to specifically block the unwanted aggrecanase activities in arthritic diseases."

Since ADAMTS4 is upregulated by LSJL and ADAMTS4 has anti-chondrogenic effects luteolin may be able to nullify some of the side effects.

"Adamts5-null mice are protected from cartilage degradation"

"he anti-inflammatory properties of luteolin, including inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin (IL)-6 production or NF-kappa B activation "<-those two compounds can have pro-chondrogenic effects so we don't really want to inhibit them.

"MMP-2 {Upregulated by LSJL}, MMP-7, and MMP-13 remain active at concentrations up to 100 μM luteolin"

"Luteolin also possesses anti-inflammatory activity, which is mediated by inhibiting the production of cytokines such as IL-8, IL-15, or TGF-β in synovial fibroblasts, and also by blocking COX-2, iNOS, LOX, and IL-6 activities"<-We don't want TGFBeta inhibition.

Artichoke reduces ADATMS4 & 5 levels which degrade ECM however it also inhibits TGF-Beta, c-Fos(due to the apigenin content), and IL-6 which can be chondroinductive.  If you already have a growth plate then you should eat artichoke to help preserve it as it's easier to preserve a growth plate than create a new one.

ADAMTS4 & 5 may have anti-chondrogenic effects that have not been established yet.  But for right now Artichoke may help you grow taller if you have growth plates but for others more research is needed.

CARTILAGE DEGENERATION AND REPAIR BY ADAMTSS AND HYALURONAN BINDING PROTEINS

" Our recent studies with murine OA models, have illustrated that gene knockout of ADAMTS5 very effectively prevents fibrosis of periarticular joint tissues and cartilage erosion. The pathogenic role of ADAMTS5 appears to be primarily due to its activity around mesenchymal chondroprogenitors, where it cleaves aggrecan and promotes their differentiation to myofibroblasts rather than chondrocytes{So ADAMTS5 KO may promote chondrogenesis}. To investigate this pathway we are using conditional ablation of ADAMTS5, specifically in mesenchymal progenitor cells, to determine if this approach will protect mice from biomechanically-induced OA. We are also comparing the capacity of intra-articular injectables (BMP7 and HA), which are currently in clinical use, to block fibrosis and enhance chondrogenesis in murine OA models."

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