Adiponectin and leptin induce vcam-1 expression in human and murine chondrocytes.
"VCAM-1 expression was assessed upon treatment with leptin, adiponectin and other pertinent reagents in cultured human primary chondrocytes. Signal transduction pathways have been explored by using specific pharmacological inhibitors in the adipokine-stimulated human primary chondrocytes and ATDC5 murine chondrocyte cell line.
Leptin and adiponectin increase VCAM-1 expression in human and murine chondrocytes. In addition, both adipokines have additive effect with IL-1β. Several kinases, including JAK2, PI3K and AMPK are at a play in the intracellular signalling of VCAM-1 induction."
"VCAM-1 is an inducible surface glycoprotein that belongs to immunoglobulin gene superfamily (IgSF). VCAM-1 serves as surface ligand for VLA-4 (α4β1) integrin and this adhesion molecule plays a main role in the adhesion of lymphocytes to endothelium in the site of inflammation"
"pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α are able to up-regulate VCAM-1 expression in primary cultures of human articular chondrocytes. VCAM-1 might contribute to adhesion of T-lymphocytes to chondrocytes, and thus participate in host defense mechanisms during inflammatory joint conditions"
"adiponectin induces NOS2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and IL-6 in chondrocytes"
"leptin and IL-1 induce synergistically nitric oxide in chondrocytes"
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